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Captive insurance
Captive insurance companies are insurance companies established by a parent group or groups with the specific objective of covering the risks to which the parent is exposed.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.luxembourgforfinance.com/entrepreneurs-corporate/reinsurance )〕 Hence, the use of such companies constitutes a type of self-insurance,〔 Captive insurance companies sometimes insure the risks of the group's customers. This is an alternative form of risk management that is becoming a more practical and popular means through which companies can protect themselves financially while having more control over how they are insured.
==Origin of term==
The term "captive" was coined by the "father of captive insurance," Frederic M. Reiss, while he was bringing his concept into practice for his first client, the Youngstown Sheet & Tube Company, in Ohio in the 1950s.〔Held Captive; Catherine Duffy p38〕 The company had a series of mining operations, and its management referred to the mines whose output was put solely to the corporation's use as captive mines. When Reiss helped the company incorporate its own insurance subsidiaries, they were called captive insurance companies because they wrote insurance exclusively for the captive mines. Reiss continued to use the term: the policyholder owns the insurance company i.e. the insurer is captive to the policyholder. If the captive insures its own parent and affiliates, it is called a pure captive. If it insures just one type of industry (e.g. energy industries), it is called a homogeneous captive. A captive insurance company can also insure a group of diverse companies; this is called a heterogeneous captive.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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